To date, the strip base of the house is the most popular, and therefore many do not know which concrete is better to choose for its construction.
In order to understand this, we turn to specialists who will give sensible tips for choosing quality material.
Concrete for the foundation
Recommendations of specialists
The quality of this building material is determined by two parameters: the class and brand of concrete for the strip foundation, which are different in that the first of them indicates the level of strength, and the second is averaged.
At the same time, we note that its class is indicated by the letter “B”, and the brand is “m”.
Consider the table in which the brand and the corresponding class of concrete are given:
Mark (m)
Class (c)
Strength (kg/ cm2)
50
3.5
46
75
5
65
100
7.5
98
150
10 – 12.5
131 – 164
200
15
196
250
20
262
300
22.5
302
350
25
327
400
30
393
450
35
458
550
40
524
600
45 – 50
589 – 655
700
55
720
800
60
786
When choosing concrete, attention is also paid to the fact that if the building is being built without a previously created and confirmed project, then the M200 brand is used, and the class is B15;
If groundwater is located not far from the surface, then it is better to use M300;
For the construction of a concrete pillow, concrete from M100 is used;
For the manufacture of the necessary brand of concrete, you need to know the proportions of sand, cement and crushed stone.
Concrete M200 is universal and is used in the construction of a residential building or to fill the belt, and as a filler use gravel, granite or lime gravel.
If you equip a strip prefabricated house, then concrete of the M200 brand is also quite useful, and M 350 is required for a stone multi-storey building;
If a wooden building is built with a low bearing capacity of ceilings, then concrete M 250 is quite suitable, which is more durable than the M300 brand (for screed of a warm floor) and M400;
Concrete of the M450 brand gives a guarantee for the durability of the structure, even with a large load on the base and with a geometric shape;
If the house is equipped in the region with a harsh climate, then for the frost resistance of the base, it is necessary to choose a high brand of concrete;
If the mixture is not compiled correctly, then the supporting structure can rise and the risk of destruction will increase by 50%.
Choosing concrete for wet soil
If the area is rocky soil, which consists of quartzite, granite and sandstone, then it is resistant to moisture. During construction on such soil, concrete W2 is used;
Since the clay soil has the ability to compress, as well as by its humidity, you can determine the load, then for the construction of concrete W8 or W2 to be used in such a section of the building.
The brand data are designed for the hydraulic structure and there are 4 types: 2, 4, 6 and 8. Mark W2 indicates that this concrete with a load of 0.2 MPa does not pass water, and other varieties, respectively, at 0.4; 0.6 and 0.8;
There is also hydraulic concrete, the brand of which indicates the number of possible freezing and thawing (F50 – F300).
What factors affect the choice of concrete
Building weight;
Type of reinforcement;
Type of soil and its properties;
Load on the support.
Cement brand
Concrete for the foundation
In the production of concrete, it is necessary to know that for resistance to the long exposure to low temperature, and during repair work, the cement of PC500-do is used, such concrete will have durability and resistance to moisture.
Porosity
This indicator can be of two types: open and closed. In the event that the first type has a larger value, then this can negatively affect the properties of concrete (exposure to chemicals, resistance to temperature change). And the indicators of concrete closed type are always slightly higher.
Impurities
This is important! Their content affects the properties of concrete. For example, if a superplasticizer is added to it, then this helps to protect against moisture, frost resistance, strength. Such material can be used at a temperature of -15 ° C to – 25 ° C.
Reinforced concrete slabs
Each of them is made according to GOST. They are used for a strip foundation, which is laid in water -saturated and dry soil, while the air temperature in the area should be up to +40 ° C, and seismicity of 9 balls and below. And underground waters should not aggressively affect structures made of reinforced concrete.
According to the chain load (when the base is buried), which comes from the walls of the building, this material is divided into 4 main groups, they are used:
When erecting the basement;
For a building with brick, concrete, stone walls having a high density;
If the site is different soil composition.
Also, reinforced concrete strip foundations have a marking consisting of letters and numbers, which indicate the length, width and bearing capacity.
What is needed for concrete?
In the event that you need to prepare it for construction, then this is not so difficult, but for this you will need the following materials and tools:
Water;
Sand, crushed stone and cement;
Concrete mixer;
Shovel and container.
Since concrete for the strip foundation should be strong, its selection is made according to the brand, which determines this indicator. It indicates the maximum bearing capacity of 1 kV. cm. Square. Since the load is measured in kilograms, then it becomes clear that the M200 withstands 200 kg load for 1 cm2. If they know the bearing capacity of the structure, then the brand of concrete is very easily calculated for her.
Consider how to cook concrete, for example M100. To do this, take cement M400, crushed stone and sand: 1: 6: 3.
For M200, it is necessary to mix cement, crushed stone and sand in a proportion of 1: 5: 2. Such concrete is suitable for columns, reinforced belt, ceilings, etc.
Concrete for the foundation
Take a note
To make the foundation concrete strip high -quality, you need:
Apply concrete of medium consistency;
In the manufacture of formwork, remember that this material is heavy;
Concrete is made, from large fractional crushed stone, clean sand and water;
He is sensitive to cold and the sun, grasps after 4 weeks.
Conclusion
In order for the reinforced concrete strip foundation to be high -quality and durable, it is necessary to use only a high -quality brand of concrete with each construction of a new building or structure. It can be made independently, but only if all the selected components are first -oriented and without extraneous impurities.
You can also purchase high -quality concrete, the main thing is to consult with the seller of the construction store, which will answer all ripened questions, and will give timely good advice. In the event that you cannot independently prepare a concrete mixture or build a reinforced concrete foundation, then contact the specialists.