Both effects decrease over time with ongoing treatment because of tolerance and tachyphylaxis.8,20e24 After 8 weeks of treatment with liraglutide (a long-acting GLP-1 RA), gastric emptying returned to near baseline values.23 Of note, contrasting effects have been found with shorter acting GLP-1 RAs that retained delayed gastric emptying over time.23 Although associated with reduced oral intake and a beneficial loss of weight in overweight and obese patients, these effects might worry anaesthesiologists given the theoretically increased risk of aspiration
**Neurological Disorders:** Supportive treatment in certain neurological disorders associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, such as peripheral neuropathy
If you miss a dose and it has been less than 3 days, take the missed dose as soon as possible
If the research goal is more systemic, the timing becomes slightly less critical, but an empty stomach is still generally preferred to maximize absorption potential
Moreover, cooking methods can reduce iodine content in foods due to its volatile nature, largely varying by cooking methods and food sources [37]
